An operation to remove the varicose veins of the lower extremities is called varicose veinectomy. It is known that the cyclic system of circuits consists of three parts: superficial, deep, and informative, which, by the way, connects the previous two.
The maximum blood volume of the total blood volume through the deep veins, subcutaneous conduction accounts for only 10%.
However, despite this, it is they who are affected by varicose veins and protrusions on the surface of the skin.
Venous ablation is to remove the affected veins. It was first held in the early 20th century.
Today, different techniques can equally effectively remove the entire major blood vessel or just the small hemispherical veins with knots forming on them.
Let's consider in what cases surgery is prescribed for varicose veins of the legs, what types there are, as well as the consequences and contraindications to its implementation.
Indications for foot surgery
There are cases where drug treatment does not bring any results in the fight against varicose veins, in this case surgery is the only way to get rid of the condition. Fear of surgical intervention leads to the fact that the patient tries to delay the trip to the doctor as much as possible and thereby only aggravates the situation.
Surgical treatment of varicose veins is required in the following points:
- severe neglected varicose veins;
- a significant increase in the vessels under the skin;
- violation of the movement of blood through the vessels, which leads to systemic fatigue and pain in the extremities;
- nutritional skin lesions with non-healing wounds;
- acute exacerbation of thrombophlebitis.
Types of activities and preparation for them
It is not possible to determine the best type of surgical intervention, as each is tailored to each individual case. Before making a choice, the doctor must take into account the manifestation of the disease, the patient's state of health and the presence of complications. To perform well requires some preparation. It is important to pass all the necessary tests.
It is important to do the following:
- contrast bath;
- if necessary, shave the part of the leg where the surgery is to be performed;
- Get to the hospital before your appointment.
Today, medicine offers several forms of surgical intervention for varicose veins of the lower extremities, each of which has advantages and disadvantages.
Consider varicose vein surgery:
- Cut excess bag. An activity has special features. The vessel is removed through a puncture. Recovery is faster, but otherwise everything is similar to a regular operation.
- Stripping circuit. A type of surgery in which the great hemispheric vein is removed along with all its branches. The incision is usually made in the groin. One section allows you to remove a portion of the vessel, and the other allows you to lengthen the entire vessel by freezing it to the transducer. All venous vessels adjacent to the excised vessel are ligated. The lower extremities are pulled together with an elastic band.
- Hardening of the veins. Minimally invasive treatments. A stiffener is injected into the deformed vessels. Its action is to glue the vessel lumen. Then a scar appears on this site and the vein disappears completely. Today, the following types of activities are known:
- echotherapy. Deep vessels with a diameter of 1 cm are treated. The drug is administered under the control of the scanner. A needle is injected with scleroderma;
- the "foam" method. The drug substance is a special type of foam. The procedure is safe and does not cause any discomfort.
- Laser coagulation of veins. New technology helps to remove the disease without making incisions and removing blood vessels. Surgical intervention is performed using light delivered into a vein through a puncture, and by heating the tissue, sealing the affected area. In most cases, recurrence does not occur.
- Endoscopic vein dissection. The operation is performed using an endoscope under video control. It is inserted into the incision and the vessel is tied. Complications do not appear, so it almost always ends successfully. It is important that the surgeon performing this procedure has extensive practical experience. Today it is a very common type of surgery.
- TV signal loss. Less traumatic way to get rid of varicose veins that result from heart surgery. It is used in combination with other methods. During surgery, a catheter is inserted into the cavity of the vessel, which moves the length of the vein to be removed. Then the device is turned on and the flask is glued with the help of an electric current. Radiofrequency ablation is very similar to sclerotherapy, but unlike it, it does not require the introduction of special substances.
Contraindications and possible consequences
Despite all the positive aspects, surgically assisted removal of the veins in varicose veins is not possible for all patients.
Today, restrictions occur in the following cases:
- the last stage of the disease;
- the presence of hypertension or coronary artery disease;
- infectious processes take place in a severe form;
- viral skin lesions;
- old age and pregnancy.
Like any other surgical intervention, foot surgery can have consequences that appear immediately or over time.
These include the following situations:
- reduced sensitivity of the cutaneous nerves;
- numbness of the ankle or the inner surface of the lower leg;
- bleeding or extinguishing;
- the appearance of new deformed ships;
- bruising and discoloration of the skin;
- mild pain of the affected area.
To avoid all of this, it is important to adhere to the postoperative regimen.
Features of post-surgery care
To preserve the results, it is important to follow all the recommendations of the doctor and undergo a special course of treatment, selected taking into account the condition of the body, the prevalence of symptoms. Varicose veins and type of surgical intervention.
Care includes the following:
- On the first day, it is important to observe bed rest. However, you still need to move. It is enough to perform special exercises: bend and extend the legs, as well as turn the body to the side;
- It is recommended to wear an elastic band and to maintain the rhythm of the heart and blood vessels, raise the leg and hold for a while in this position;
- Clean the seam for the first time 6 months. Use only warm water. Use your hands to foam these areas without using a stiff towel. It should be remembered that scars form perennial, can not be loaded;
- At home, you should wear compression underwear around the clock for 1 month. Then they take it off at night and do it for 2 months;
- It is important to follow a diet and eat foods that help thin the blood and strengthen the vessel walls.
As can be seen from all of the above, surgical methods of treating varicose veins are quite popular today. However, it's important not to start getting sick and to try to see a doctor after the first symptoms appear. Remember that varicose veins in the legs, like any other problem in the body, is better prevention than treatment.